Change Essay -- essays research papers

Change is something that is continually happening in our lives. Not a solitary second passes by when everything in our lives will stay steady. Without a doubt, it has gotten clear to us that the main thing which in truth endures change, will be change itself. Time and experience permits change to in the end change and adjust everything from the manner in which it initially was. From ourselves truly, to people around us inwardly, to the manner by which we see the aggregate of the world all that it in the long run changes. More often than not we are not even expressly mindful of such changes happening, however none-the-less they are in reality happening. Change is a characteristic procedure that can't be effortlessly halted or controlled. At the point when we think about the things we esteemed at the age of, five, ten and even fifteen, the steady wealth of progress in our lives become obvious. In any case, it is because of the unusualness that change advances throughout our life, that has caused numerous to see the philosophy of progress to be something which ought to be seen as a negative in our lives today. In any case, we ought to energetically rebel against this idea. It is change which has purchased about probably the best occasions ever. Had their not have been change from quite a while ago, there could never have been a modern upheaval and we would not have the option to live in the leftist nation wherein we do today, where we can voice our assessments without being under danger of abuse. This embracement of progress which we sh... Change Essay - expositions research papers Change is something that is continually happening in our lives. Not a solitary second passes by when everything in our lives will stay predictable. For sure, it has gotten clear to us that the main thing which in certainty endures change, will be change itself. Time and experience permits change to in the end change and modify everything from the manner in which it initially was. From ourselves genuinely, to everyone around us inwardly, to the manner by which we see the total of the world all that it in the end changes. More often than not we are not even unequivocally mindful of such changes happening, however none-the-less they are to be sure happening. Change is a characteristic procedure that can't be handily halted or controlled. At the point when we think about the things we esteemed at the age of, five, ten and even fifteen, the steady bounty of progress in our lives become clear. Be that as it may, it is because of the eccentrics that change advances throughout our life, that has caused numerous to see the philosophy of progress to be something which ought to be seen as a negative in our lives today. Be that as it may, we ought to enthusiastically rebel against this idea. It is change which has purchased about probably the best occasions ever. Had their not have been change from quite a while ago, there could never have been a mechanical insurgency and we would not have the option to live in the radical nation wherein we do today, where we can voice our sentiments without being under danger of mistreatment. This embracement of progress which we sh...

Obesity in Kuwait Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Stoutness in Kuwait - Research Paper Example Information taken on the worldly changes in BMI and predominance of weight are much more so (Al†Asi). Ladies in Kuwaiti have been presented to extraordinary physical just as social varieties in the public eye in the previous not many years, and there has not been any investigation of this nature that has been completed on them (Al†Asi). The primary point of this investigation is to separately investigate transient changes in mean commonness of stoutness and BMI between the two autonomous examples of 1171 and1705 ladies of Kuwait between the ages of 18 years and more established that were considered in1980-1981 and 1993-1994 (Al-Mahroos). 3-In Kuwaiti, white rice is the staple food both previously and as of now. It is accepted that individuals in Kuwait take white rice more than once in per day generally for lunch and now and again for supper as well (El-Bayoumy). In spite of the fact that there is no information on the normal utilization of rice, information on the populace utilization of the admission of rice isn't accessible, information recommends that 17%of absolute vitality accessible is expended from white rice (El-Bayoumy) 1-There were two free examinations that were utilized to break down and think about the fleeting changes in the predominance of weight and BMI among the ladies in Kuwaiti BMI (Al-Awadi).The first investigation was a national investigation of 1171 ladies which was finished in 1980-1981 as it managed the â€Å"Nutrition Status Assessment of Adults.† The subsequent investigation to be done was a cross-sectional investigation of 1705 ladies which was finished in 1993-1994 and it depended on surveying the pervasiveness of stoutness among Kuwaitis (Al-Awadi). The example completed between 1980-1981 example of 1171 ladies was gotten from 17 haphazardly chose essential medicinal services from the centers arranged in all of Kuwaiti five districts and testing was taken arbitrarily in agreement to the Kuwaiti’s populace sex proportion (El-Bayoumy). The examples were partitioned among the facilities and the division was characterized relatively by the size of the territory that was saved by each of

Paper Writing Website For Students - Why It Can Be Difficult to Do

Paper Writing Website For Students - Why It Can Be Difficult to DoEven though writing a paper writing website for students is something you can do on your own, you will probably find that the majority of students will simply have to hire a tutor for this particular project. If you are reading this article now, you probably would like to do this, too. Before you do, it is important that you understand some things that you must know about writing a paper writing website for students. This will give you an idea of what you will be doing and how you will be able to get your homework done.The first thing you should know is that there are things that you should do when you start out. You should prepare yourself by finding the resources that you will need. Some of these may include taking a course in order to study for the test and practicing how to write a report.The second thing you should know about writing a paper writing website for students is that it has many different ways that you can go about. This means that there are many different ways that you can tackle the tasks associated with this particular task. For example, if you want to try to save time, then you can begin by doing the tasks one by one. At this point, you should be able to know when it is time to do them and how you will be able to finish them.The third thing you should know is that there are a lot of different methods for getting your homework done. One of these methods is going to be writing a report or taking notes for the test. You may find that you have many different ways to get the job done. It is important that you know which way is best for you.The fourth thing you should know is that the second method is not going to be as good as the first one. After all, the first method is going to take you time and will take a lot of time. However, the second method will only take you a couple of minutes. There are other methods that you can use to make sure that you are able to get all of your ass ignments done.The fifth thing you should know is that you will be able to control a lot of the time that you spend. You can determine how long you are going to spend in a particular area on a project. You will be able to control your own work pace and how much time you are going to spend in a given task. This is something that you will be able to do by using your own personal time management method.The sixth thing you should know is that writing a paper writing website for students is something that can be done by anyone. There are no right or wrong answers when it comes to this topic. You will find that the biggest thing that you are going to have to master is the proper method of controlling your own work pace. However, there are going to be some basic skills that you will need to master.The seventh thing you should know is that you will be able to use this method to take your own class notes and be able to use the information that you have stored within your own head. This is som ething that can be used as a basis for studying and will help you with the questions that you will be having on the tests. This is something that you will be able to do using your own personal time management method. It is important that you know that this is something that you can do with ease.

South Africa As A Language Of Instruction - 941 Words

Due to apartheid era, South Africa as a country had suffered from different forms of displacement. This fact is no news as many sectors suffer from the isolation that generated from this displacement. Universities in South Africa have immensely been affected. Historically, the problem of ethnicity and race affected every area of their education. Debate on what language to use as a language of instruction became irresolvable. Most of the support was in favor of the mother tongue as language of instruction while little support was giving to Afrikaans and English languages. This disapproval created setback for the Afrikaans and English speaking universities in the social and cultural space. Also, the segregation of the black (majority) and white (minority) was said to be resolved but it is still creating separation in South African universities. Consequently, South Africa’s response to GATS has been negative. South Africa’s minister of education, Kadel Asmal, states that â€Å"We must avoid at all costs a GAT in education that puts our education, our future in peril...Trade considerations cannot be allowed to erode the public good agenda for higher education†. Form this statement, the minister of education focuses more on what the foreign partnered countries will benefit and less on the benefits GATs can add to not only the institution but the country at large. As the demand of higher education increases at every measure, the ability of the public university to meet the demand ofShow MoreRelatedImportance of Oral Tradition963 Words   |  4 Pageswritten instruction. The messages or testimony are verbally transmitted in speech or song and may take the form, for example, of folktales, sayings, ballads, songs, or chants. In this way, it is possible for a society to transmit oral history, oral literature, oral law and other knowledges across generations without a writing system. The term â€Å"Bantu† is used as a general label for over 300 ethnic groups in Africa. They make up a major part of the population of nearly all African countries south of theRead MoreApartheid : A System Of Racial Segregation1176 Words   |  5 Pagesapartheid – It comes from the Dutch language, with the heid part meaning hood, for apart-hood. The word is pronounced apart-hate. Apartheid - Dictionary Definition. Vocabulary.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 Apr. 2016 Apartheid was a system of racial segregation and a racist political policy in South Africa demanding division of the country’s white and non-white populations for nearly 50 years. In 1652, a group of people from the Netherlands settled in South Africa. The Netherlands are also known asRead MoreHow the Apartheid Came to Be in South Africa1184 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1948, apartheid was introduced to South Africa. Apartheid means apartness and is the political policy of racial segregation. Each racial group was segregated from other races within South Africa. These groups consisted of whites, blacks and coloreds (Asians and Indians). The minority white population had the rule over the whole country. Apartheid did not only detach whites from non-whites, but it also set apart the Blacks from the Coloreds. When apartheid ended in 1994 a legacy was leftRead MoreAfrikaner Nationalism1744 Words   |  7 Pageslabelled as undeveloped indigenous races all which were non-white ( Wilson and Thompson, 365). With this fear rose nationalism. Afrikaner nationalism is a political ideology that was born in the late 19th century around the idea that Afrikaners in South Africa were a chosen people. It was also influenced by anti-British sentiments that grew among Afrikaners especially because of the Boer Wars which did more to unite Afrikanerdom and infuse it with purpose and determination (Wilson and Thompson, 367)Read MoreThe Soweto Uprising of 1976 an education Related Outcry by Students1237 Words   |  5 PagesA system of legal separation amongst races dominated the Republic of South Africa, namely apartheid between 1948 until 1993. Apartheid led to the separation and discrimination between whites against people of colour. Not only was this racism commonly accepted between whites against blacks, but it was also legally enforced as white’s maintained priority in terms of housing, education, political power and jobs. I will be examining a particular even t, The Soweto Uprising of 1976 which was an educationRead MoreArticle Critique : Promoting Mother Infant Book Sharing And Infant Attention And Language Development Essay889 Words   |  4 Pagesand Language Development in an Impoverished South African Population: A Pilot Study. Early Childhood Education Journal, 42(2), 143-152. doi:10.1007/s10643-013-0591-8 PURPOSE: This pilot study was completed to see if a successful study in the developed world would extend to an impoverished community in South Africa. The present successful study that was completed in the developed world was about parents sharing of picture books with infants and young children is beneficial for child language andRead MoreEnglish Language Is Globally Important982 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish Language is Globally Important ï  ® English is the major language in such fields as international diplomacy, business and commerce, science and technology, and the travel industry. How did English become such an important global language? ï  ® British Colonialism ï‚ ¨ Took English to North America, the Caribbean, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and the Indian sub-continent U.S. rise as a strong economic and strategic power ï  ® Pop Culture ï  ® English became the language of diplomacyRead MoreOutline Of A Book Disney Planes The Inscription Of Signs And Symbols1655 Words   |  7 PagesTask 1 1. Look up the meanings to these words, in your dictionary, and write the meanings below. Text Writing, communication that represents language through the inscription of signs and symbols Features Essay, film, telecommunications Call attention to, signify Purpose Aim, usefulness, will Aim at, undertake Audience Captive audience, claque, full house, theatre, turnout Communication Dissemination, joining, message, revealing Context Surroundings Article Condition, deed, essay, goods, particularsRead MoreSelecting The Type Of Learner Using English1187 Words   |  5 Pageshave always thought of it as ELL – English Language Learner, specifically considering my personal experiences at school, which definitely creates a much more complex reading program to consider. The variables in reading is complex for the young English learners. There is much to consider such as the age, class size, curriculum and materials, delivery of instruction, trained teachers, amount of time to commit to English learning, learners first language knowledge, and the cost. When consideringRead MoreObserve and Interview1458 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment 02: Exploring language diversity where you live Compiled by Hannelie Millar – student 49498843 Instructions: Task 1: Observe your community †¢ Go out into the community where you live for one or two afternoons or evenings. For an example, we put a photo from the Bree taxi rank in Johannesburg. †¢ Observe what you see around you. o Who is talking with whom? o What language are they using? o Why do they use one language or another? †¢ Why do you think people are acting the way they do? Try

Wound Healing and Nutrition - 2060 Words

Wound Healing and Nutrition Introduction When it comes to wound healing, there are various factors that play strong roles in how successful (and how rapid) that healing is for any particular patient. One of the significant factors being addressed by many medical professionals is nutrition. In other words, the opinion is that the proper nutrition, when offered to a patient, can help that person heal his or her wounds more quickly than would have occurred if nutrition had not been a factor. While this may not work with all patients, evidence indicates that many patients do benefit from better nutrition while they have wounds that are healing. Addressed here are four different studies that indicate the value of nutrition where wound healing is concerned. The articles will be condensed, and then the credibility and clinical significance of the studies will be addressed. Additionally, the applicability of the studies will be discussed, and three research questions and learning objectives will be created from the inf ormation collected from the studies. This will allow for proper consideration of nutrition when it comes to wound healing in various types of patients and medical examples. Article Synopses In the study by Arnold and Barbul (2006), research suggested that there was more to nutrition and wound healing than just adequate intake of fats, carbohydrates, and protein. Laboratory work shows that various other types of nutritional interventions can have major impactsShow MoreRelatedDescription Of Nutri î€Æ' On And Chronic Wounds 724 Words   |  3 PagesChronic Wounds Molnar, J.A., Underdown M.J., Clark, W.A. (2014). Nutriî€Æ'on and Chronic Wounds. Advances in Wound Care, 3(11), 663-68 Arî€Æ'cle Title: Nutriî€Æ'on and Chronic Wounds Molnar, J.A., Underdown M.J., Clark, W.A. (2014). Nutriî€Æ'on and Chronic Wounds. Advances in Wound Care, 3(11), 663-68 Arî€Æ'cle Title: Nutriî€Æ'on and Chronic Wounds Molnar, J.A., Underdown M.J., Clark, W.A. (2014). Nutriî€Æ'on and Chronic Wounds. Advances in Wound Care, 3(11), 663-68 Arî€Æ'cle Title: Nutriî€Æ'on and Chronic Wounds MolnarRead MoreThe Process and Factors of Wound Healing947 Words   |  4 Pages201one). Wound healing is a dynamic, interactive method involving soluble mediators, blood cells, extracellular matrix, and parenchymal cells. Wound healing has three phases: the inflammatory section, the proliferative part, and the maturational or transforming phase. These phases could overlap in time (Porth, 2011). Inflammatory Phase The inflammatory part starts at the time of injury with the formation of a blood clot and therefore the migration of phagocytic white blood cells into the wound webRead MoreEssay on Risk of Impaired Wound Healing1189 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction. This report will discuss the risk of impaired wound healing, amongst patients in the community. Patients may be at risk due to increased age, malnutrition and underlying medical conditions (Timmons, 2003, White, 2008). However, this report concerns with patients’ knowledge deficit about the importance of nutrition, which may be the risk factor (Casey, 1998, Dealey, 2005, Timmons, 2003). In this respect, a management package in the form of a leaflet aimed at these patients has beenRead MoreNursing Intervention: Pressure Sore and Nutrition950 Words   |  4 Pagesto assist in the healing of pressure ulcers. Apart from providing appropriate wound dressing, various nursing interventions are needed such as relieving pressure by providing special pads or air mattresses and turning or repositioning the patient at least every two hours. Arranging pillows under the ankles, back, head and arms, regular cleansing and drying of the skin, and providing good nutrition to support the healin g process are also important (Cohen, 2009). Optimal nutrition helps pressure ulcerRead MoreHuman Wound Healing1131 Words   |  5 PagesChristopher, Conway, Ridling Simpson; 2011). Wound healing is a very complex process. Wound healing has three phases: the inflammatory phase, the proliferative phase, and the maturational or remodeling phase. These phases might overlap at times (Porth, 2011). Inflammatory Phase The inflammatory phase starts at the time of injury with the formation of a blood clot and the migration of phagocytic white blood cells into the wound site. The first cells to arrive, the neutrophils, ingestRead MoreFever Manifestation853 Words   |  4 Pagesof inflammation are dolor (pain), calor (heat), rubor (redness), tumor (swelling) (Britannica.com, 2017 ). She is complaining of increased pain to the area, manifested with r ound, yellow-red open wound to area above medial malleolus with moderate amount of thick yellow drainage , wound culture positive for Staphylococcus aureus WBC 18.3 increased, 12% bands – in an acute infection, the bone marrow releases stored neutrophils to fight off infection. When neutrophils are consumed andRead MoreThe Importance Of Nutrition On Health, Health And Well Being Of Our Population Essay1093 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of Nutrition in Health Madison Aynes University of Arkansas Fort Smith NUTR 25230E1  According to the World Health Organization nutrition is defined as â€Å"the intake of food, considered in relation to the body’s dietary needs.† This topic is often overlooked by many Americans and its relationship with a healthy life is often never understood. From before life begins in the embryonic stages to the final stages of life nutrition plays a vital role in the life a person. Poor nutrition can beRead MoreNutrition And The Body s Dietary Needs Essay1075 Words   |  5 Pages According to the World Health Organization nutrition is defined as â€Å"the intake of food, considered in relation to the body’s dietary needs.† This topic is often overlooked by many Americans and its relationship with a healthy life is often never understood. From before life begins in the embryonic stages to the final stages of life nutrition plays a vital role in the life a person. Poor nutrition can be caused by over indulgence or deprivation of essential nutrients an d can lead to a decreased immuneRead MoreEthics And Standards Of Practice1746 Words   |  7 PagesStating that wherever care is delivered appropriate supplies of; hand decontamination, sharps containers, and personal protective equipment must be available. 5. Medications can affect wound healing; steroids, chemotherapeutic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can interfere with different parts of the wound healing process (Swezey, 2014). Therefore, a review of current medications should be undertaken. Pernicious anaemia is an autoimmune disease (Pernicious anaemia society, 2016). It affectsRead MoreThe Implementation Of Pressure Ulcer Incidents1137 Words   |  5 Pagesconsists of an emphasis on providing knowledge and education to the multidisciplinary team. This stage will take place during the first month with weekly meetings. It will include CCU nursing staff, nurse manager, nutritionist, physical therapist, wound care nurse, intensivist, QI (Quality Improvement) and PM (Performance Management) committee. A meeting must be held among these clinicians directly caring for patients with pressure ulcer. QI and PM committee will generate data of pressure ulcer incidents

The Importance of Investigative Journalism Essay - 769 Words

Though connected through the general base of being a part of the media, investigative journalism is far from the daily reporting and paparazzi reports we are used to. Investigative journalists look to bring attention to violated laws, regulations or wrongdoings that they feel very strongly about. The topic of their research is completely up to their own personal interest and choosing. Their research often takes a long time to collect, and must be very thorough and involve many different sources while providing the public with important information that may have been slightly covered up or less attainable to the news reel of the average Joe. This type of research often looks at what is not working in society and predicts trends and changes,†¦show more content†¦One of the references he makes compared New Orleans, to the Dutch: â€Å"Nevertheless, if we compare the failures in New Orleans with the successes in the Netherlands, one lesson stands out: social context matters mor e than technological prowess. The Dutch have been relatively good at preparing for climate change largely because of their long history of consensus-based water management and their shared belief in social planning. By contrast, Louisiana’s efforts have been crippled by the state’s history of poor government, its dysfunctional relationship with the Army Corps of Engineers, the power of its oil and gas interests, its continuing reluctance—even after Katrina—to acknowledge the reality of global warming for fear that might harm oil and gas production† (Hertsgaard, 132). The failure of the US to recognize what a critical opportunity we have missed and the steps we need to take to adapt and reduce the consequences of our actions is one of Hertsgaard’s most prominent points, and is a large part of his unveiling of how the global warming situation was handled. The undoubted authority and urgency in Hertsgaard’s tone along with his undispute d evidence and research is what leaves readers flipping through his works, eager to listen to what he has to say and to consider the solutions he offers. Alongside Hertsgaard, there are many other investigative journalists, such as Greg Palast. Palast’s work primarily focuses on corporate fraud, one of his moreShow MoreRelatedEffects of Technological Advances806 Words   |  4 PagesFrom the time printed publications were the dominant medium to the modern era where the internet has emerged as the dominant medium the field of journalism has experienced colossal growth, development, and evolvement. The changes caused by the gradual introduction of new and more efficient mediums consistently affected journalism and the way journalists delivered content to the public. Prior to the concept of broadcasting, newspapers were the primary means of communication in society. InitiallyRead MoreThe Role Of Journalism And Its Impact On Journalism2056 Words   |  9 PagesHistorically, professional journalism has been built around two fundamentals: visual and textual. While numbers have played a role in journalism as well, journalists have constantly downplayed their importance in making up the professional skillset, which leads to a difficulty in presenting numerical data responsibly and accurately (Maier 2002). A noteworthy is the subfield of computer-assisted reporting, which focuses on examining quantitative data through a journalistic lens. Over the past severalRead MoreA Field Of Forces Within The Field817 Words   |  4 Pagesby itself, i.e., outside the relations of interdependence which link it to other products† (Bourdieu, 1993: p. 32). These goods are also produced under specific conditions, not in a vacuum. This assumption is valid to art, literature, but also to journalism as a massive cultural production, like Bourdieu and other authors had demonstrated (Benson Neveu, 2005; Benson, 2006; Bourdieu, 1994; English, 2015; Marlià ¨re, 1998; Murrell, 2015; Schultz, 2007). Thus, cultural products are entangled in a netRead MoreThe Importance Of Journalism And Photography955 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens are aware of them. This is where journalism and photography come to play. Journalism and photography allow for current events in other parts of the world to be shown to the public for awareness. Some of these events such as the time during the Arab Spring, where revolutions and protests broke out across the Middle East and North Africa, allowed for citizens to get an idea of what is going on in that particular part of the country. A world without journalism cause much of the people to be in theRead MoreThe Public Sphere : An Encyclopedia Article Essay1683 Words   |  7 Pagesmembers of the plebeian classes† (Fra ser 10) from participation. In this paper I will support Fraser’s critiques of Habermas’s utopian vision of the public sphere to argue that the participatory culture Web 2.0 introduced has transformed the notion of journalism while reflecting real-world inequalities and eliminating democracy in the process. The paper will be concluded with recommendations to creating an enabling environment for the media to make a positive contribution to democratic development. HabermasRead MoreThe Documentary About Nevsun, A Canadian Mining Company For Granting Forced Labor And Abuse Of Human Rights913 Words   |  4 Pagesadequate evidence to support allegation on funding terrorism in the region. Though Nevsun does not directly engage in the destabilization security in the area, its continued operation in the country contributes money used to fund the rebels. The importance of the Filth Estate program extends beyond portraying the violation of human rights and forced labor in Eritrea. Keen observation on several mines operated by Canadian, Chinese, and Australia firms of late have comes under the allegation of collaboratingRead MoreThe Changing Role of the Us News Media Essay934 Words   |  4 PagesMedia The internet is our modern source for news media; the importance of the newspaper has not only declined, it is in a sense, obsolete. We now turn to the internet for opinions, news, and entertainment. Even though the way in which we consume information (PBS) has changed, the importance of an unrestricted and watchful media has not changed. (Magleby, Light, Nemacheck, 2010) The Framers of our constitution were well aware of the importance of the press as a judge to discuss the implications andRead MoreAl Jazeera and CNN1741 Words   |  7 Pagesor informative programing, was extremely different than visiting the Al Jazeera website. The CNN website is cluttered and over stimulating with clusters of videos on a vast array of topics with no clear focus. Many videos were examples of yellow journalism such as the top two trending videos that consisted of a â€Å"Model’s Shocking Transformation† and a program on photo editing asking â€Å"Has this Photo Editing Gone too Far?† Both of these videos had their pictures presenting images of slim, Caucasian,Read MoreWatergate : A Decade Of Corruption, Lies, And Shadiness1224 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to The Watergate Crisis, The effect of Watergate on the media was astonishing. A new breed of investigative journalists took center stage, and the nature and style of reporting about preside nts changed dramatically. (Genovese). Watergate was a key factor in reinforcing the importance of investigative reporting. Thousands of young American men and women were inspired to become investigative journalists (Feldstein). Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein were two of the most famous reporters duringRead MoreMedia And Politics : A Brief Note On Media Politics2454 Words   |  10 Pagesdecision opened up the press as a space for serious political discussions and criticism of government in a way that would construct the future political movements of America, including its independence from Great Britain. These events cemented the importance of free press, which would become the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. An important Supreme Court case concerning the media was New York Times Company v. United States in 1971. This case dealt with the constitutionality of publishing

Andover and Charleston Essay Example For Students

Andover and Charleston Essay Abigail swiftly becomes the centre of attention, where she is most happy, as we substantiate that a great deal more had occurred in the woods that night. They had been dancing around a kettle which contained; as Abigail attempts to justify a very little frog. Then the scene reaches a sudden climax as Hale shakes Abigail repeatedly, confronting her, shocking the audience and abrupting the atmosphere with the news, it may be your cousin is dying. The audience are immediately gripped and, enraptured by the melodramatic tension, continue to be riveted, as Hale asks Abigail then vital question, did you call the Devil last night? The continuation of such a novel inquisition leads to Abigails implication of Tituba. She does this as soon as the pressure becomes too much for her to cope with and she brings someone else into the hazy spectacle to relieve herself. It is now too late for Abigail to recuperate her actions and Tituba is retrieved from downstairs to be instantly questioned by Hale. Mrs. Putnam enters with Tituba and straight away Abigail points at her. This makes Tituba feel uneasy. This signifies Abigails arrogant nature and she makes Tituba feel patronized and terrified. Abigail screams, she made me do it, she made Betty do it! Due to the seriousness of this inquisition, Miller makes the atmosphere strained and the conversation is short and disdainful. The impact of this revelation is tremendous; the fact that they were not just dancing it was far more serious than that. Tituba feels forced into explaining she gave Abigail chicken blood to drink. She realises the only way to get out of this awful corruption is to lie and she makes herself take the blame. Hale is short tempered and offensive towards Tituba, woman, have you enlisted these children for the Devil? Tituba is direct and explains she never trucked with a Devil. She is lost for words and clarifies she loves Betty. The atmosphere becomes very tense due to the topic of conversation: drinking blood and trafficking with the Devil. There are no stage directions because the actions are being created by the words. Hale makes false accusations towards Tituba before he lets her answer for herself. Hale is arrogant towards Tituba due to the fact she is a black slave with no rights and no status. He declares that Tituba has sent her spirit out upon Betty and accuses her of gathering souls for the Devil. Using the idea Hale has insinuated Abigail uses it, much to her advantage and remarks that Tituba sent her spirit out to her in church. Parris supports Abigails false accusation and recalls; he remembers Abigail laughing in church. That was actually due to the fact she was making contact with John Proctor during Church. Tituba is in a very uncomfortably agonizing situation with not a leg to stand on, with three people resisting her explanations. Titubas speeches are long, drawn out due to the fact she is thinking on her feet and everything that comes to mind is spoken aloud. Abigail blames Tituba for her own corruptions and actions that have taken place because she is taking advantage of the fact that Tituba is a black, Negro slave with no rights and no status. Tituba turns aggressive and she asks why Abigail is using all these fabrications. Abigail gets carried away and her speeches become destructive e. g. sometimes I wake up and find myself standing in the open doorway in the nude. Nudity was seen as very rude and explicit and therefore this statement would have seemed very serious. Abigail explains she can hear Tituba laughing in her sleep and singing her Barbados songs and tempting with her. Lost for words, Tituba is in despair. A false misconception from Hale accuses Tituba of having power over Betty and orders to wake her. Hale is short tempered and threatening, the atmosphere clearly shows Abigail is such a persuasive and believably forceful character. Realising telling the truth is getting her nowhere; Tituba is forced into lying and explains of her inner desire to work for the Devil. Tension increases considering the fact the audience knows that Tituba does not work for the Devil. However, she was in the woods after all- although it doesnt seem such a big thing now. The audience knows Abigail is the guilty person in this dreadful act of trepidation. Hale hears what he wanted to hear; that Tituba works for the Devil and that she has power over Betty. Hale offers to help Tituba and is softer in his words and actions, he declares, we are going to help you tear yourself free. The word tear sounds tedious and painful sounding. Stage directions are present to create a different atmosphere. "Araby" by Joyce EssayThis sudden outburst reveals a lot about her character. This is virtually the only view throughout the whole play we have of her and it isnt a very understanding one. Her infliction of painful words and thoughts towards innocent people is misleading. The fact that she is doing this to gain a little self worth for herself. We do not know how Parris treats his slave pre- witchcraft accusations. This may have been a strike of revenge after how Parris treats Tituba. We do not know, and the audience does not know. At the end of Titubas sudden outburst, she is aware of the fact that they need a name and presents the name of Goody Good. The characters are overwhelmed by the fact more and more womens names are being accused and Parris is amazed by the fact Sarah Good is accused. The atmosphere becomes electric with suspense. Tituba then names Goody Osburn, the ageing mid wife. Abigail seizes the opportunity to endorse all that Tituba has said and exclaims, I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! the situation rapidly becomes infectious as Betty joins in the naming of innocent women. This is the first time Betty has spoken since she and the other girls from the village were caught dancing in the woods with Tituba. As Betty speaks the audience are silent with amazement and the characters believe Tituba is honoured to have woken this child. The characters are bewildered by the behaviour of the girls as they continue to name innocent souls. As the end of the act draws to an end and as the curtain falls, the scene draws to a climax as Hale sends for the Marshall and calls to him to bring handcuffs to make arrests. The audience is left in anxious doubt. The significance of the end of this scene and the inquisitions later on in court are relatively alike; the fact that the demoniac ways the girls asserted themselves aggressively, resulting in virtuous lives being lost. Abigails final accusations are dramatically ironic compared to the fact that when Abigail and John Proctor had a privately intimate talk, she told him they were just children being children and that it was so called pretence. The audience will have latched onto these facts and Miller has dramatically portrayed Abigail as a devious, hypocritical, two-faced, deceitful, lying young woman. Therefore, I can conclude; in relation to the question, consider the importance of this scene to the rest of the play and analyse how Miller makes it dramatic. That this scene contains vast amounts of valuable information that is later relied on in court and also the fact Hales ideas of the devils childrens characteristics are later used as a parable in Abigail and her little followers work. Miller uses many different devices to make this scene ultimately dramatic which have analysed each one carefully and displayed my information within this essay. The witchcraft trials in Salem were remarkable, mainly for the numbers involved. Before the witchcraft hysteria was over the girls had pointed the finger at hundreds of supposed witches, not only in Salem but also in places far apart such as Andover and Charleston. They even accused people they did not know e. g. Abigail accused Hales wife whom she had never met. By October 1692 doubts had set in about the girls testimony. In December 1692 Governor Phillips appointed a new session of the Superior Court of Judicature to clear the jails, and issued a general pardon to all persons still under suspicion. By this time, however, nineteen people had been hanged, one pressed to death under a pile of rocks (Giles Corey) for refusing to speak at his own trial, and at least two more people had died in prison, bringing the number of deaths to twenty-two.

Example research essay topic Ada And Psychiatric Disabilities 1,853 words Essay Example

Example research essay topic: Ada And Psychiatric Disabilities 1,853 words Essay commodation at any time during employment. Request for Medical Documentation When the need for accommodation is not obvious, an employer may ask an employee for reasonable documentation about his/her disability and functional limitations. The employer is entitled to know that the employee has a covered disability for which s/he needs a reasonable accommodation. Documentation Submitted by Employee A variety of health professionals may provide such documentation with regard to psychiatric disabilities, including primary health care professionals, psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, and licensed mental health professionals such as licensed clinical social workers and licensed professional counselors. Important information about an individuals functional limitations also may be obtained from non-professionals, such as the individual, his/her family members, and friends. Requiring Individual to Go to Employer-Appointed Physician The ADA does not prevent an employer from requiring an employee to go to an appropriate health professional of the employers choice if the employee initially provides insufficient information to substantiate that s/he has an ADA disability and needs a reasonable accommodation. If an employer requires an employee to go to a health professional of the employers choice, the employer must pay all costs associated with the visit(s). When a primary health care professional supplies documentation about a psychiatric disability, his/her credibility depends on how well s/he knows the individual and on his/her knowledge about the psychiatric disability. Employers also may consider alternatives like having their health professional consult with the employees health professional, with the employees consent. Selected Types of Reasonable Accommodation (5:8) Reasonable accommodations for individuals with disabilities must be determined on a case-by-case basis because workplaces and jobs vary, as do people with disabilities. Accommodations for individuals with psychiatric disabilities may involve changes to workplace policies, procedures, or practices. Physical changes to the workplace or extra equipment also may be effective reasonable accommodations for some people. Permitting the use of accrued paid leave or providing additional unpaid leave for treatment or recovery related to a disability is a reasonable accommodation, unless (or until) the employees absence imposes an undue hardship on the operation of the employers business. This includes leaves of absence, occasional leave (e.g., a few hours at a time), and part-time scheduling. We will write a custom essay sample on Example research essay topic: Ada And Psychiatric Disabilities 1,853 words specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Example research essay topic: Ada And Psychiatric Disabilities 1,853 words specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Example research essay topic: Ada And Psychiatric Disabilities 1,853 words specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A related accommodation is to allow an individual with a disability to change his/her regularly scheduled working hours, barring undue hardship. Some medications taken for psychiatric disabilities cause extreme grogginess and lack of concentration in the morning. Depending on the job, a later schedule can enable the employee to perform essential job functions. Granting an employee time off from work or an adjusted work schedule as a reasonable accommodation may involve modifying leave or attendance procedures or policies. As an example, it would be a reasonable accommodation to modify a policy requiring employees to schedule vacation time in advance if an otherwise qualified individual with a disability needed to use accrued vacation time on an unscheduled basis because of disability-related medical problems, barring undue hardship. Physical changes to the workplace, such as room dividers, partitions, or other soundproofing or visual barriers between workspaces may accommodate individuals who have disability-related limitations in concentrations. Moving an individual away from noisy machinery or reducing other workplace noise that can be adjusted (e.g., lowering the volume or pitch of telephone) are similar reasonable accommodations. Permitting an individual to wear headphones to block out noisy distractions also may be effective. Some individuals who have disability-related limitations in concentration may benefit from access to equipment like a tape recorder for reviewing events such as training sessions or meetings. Adjusting Supervisory Methods In some circumstances, supervisors may be able to adjust their methods as a reasonable accommodation by, for example, communicating assignments, instructions, or training by the medium that is most effective for a particular individual (e.g., in writing, in conversation, or by electronic mail); providing or arranging additional training or modified training materials; or providing more detailed day-to-day guidance, feedback, or structure. An employer may be required to provide a temporary job coach to assist in the training of a qualified individual with a disability as a reasonable accommodation, barring undue hardship. In general, reassignment must be considered as a reasonable accommodation when accommodation in the present job would cause undue hardship or would not be possible. Reassignment may be considered if there are circumstances under which both the employer and employee voluntarily agree that it is preferable to accommodation in the present position. Reassignment should be made to an equivalent position that is vacant or will become vacant within a reasonable amount of time. If an equivalent position is not available, the employer must look for a vacant position at a lower level for which the employee is qualified. Reassignment is not required if a vacant position at a lower level is also unavailable. Medication monitoring is not a reasonable accommodation. Employers have no obligation to monitor medication because doing so does not remove a barrier that is unique to the workplace. The Job Accommodation Network (JAN) provides advice free-of-charge to employers and employees contemplating reasonable accommodation. JAN can be reached at 1-800-ADA-WORK. Circumstances may arise when employers need to discipline individuals with psychiatric disabilities for misconduct. Violence, Threats, Misconduct The ADA does not prevent an employer from maintaining a workplace free of violence or threats of violence, or from disciplining an employee who steals or destroys property. Thus, an employer may discipline an employee with a disability for engaging in such misconduct if it would impose the same discipline on an employee without a disability. Conduct Standards Must Be Job Related Other conduct standards may not be job-related for the position in question and consistent with business necessity (e.g., neat appearance for non-customer contact positions where individuals appearance were exacerbated by disability). If the conduct standards are not job related, imposing discipline under them could violate the ADA. Future Compliance With Conduct Standards An employer must make reasonable accommodation to enable an otherwise qualified individual with a disability to meet a conduct standard in the future, barring undue hardship. Because reasonable accommodation is always prospective, however, an employer is not required to excuse past misconduct. Employee Who Fails to Take Medication An employee who engages in misconduct because of his/her failure of taking his/her medication may be told the consequences of continued misconduct in terms of uniform disciplinary procedures. However, it is the employees responsibility to decide about medication and to consider the consequences of not taking medication. Under the ADA, an employer may lawfully exclude an individual from employment for safety reasons only if the employer can show that employment of the individual would pose a direct threat. A direct threat means a significant risk of substantial harm to the health or safety of the individual or others that cannot be eliminated or reduced by reasonable accommodation. A significant risk is a high risk, and not just a slightly increased risk. The determination that an individual poses a direct threat must be based on an individualized assessment of the individuals present ability to safely perform the functions of the job, considering a reasonable medical judgment relying on the most current medical knowledge and/or the best available objective evidence. History of Psychiatric Disability With respect to the employment of individuals with psychiatric disabilities, the employer must identify the specific behavior that would pose a direct threat. An individual does not pose a direct threat simply by virtue of having a history of psychiatric disability or being treated for a psychiatric disability. An individual does not pose a direct threat solely because s/he takes a medication that may diminish coordination for some people as a side effect. An individualized assessment must be made. Thus, an employer must determine the nature and severity of the individuals side effects, how those side effects influence his/her ability to safely operate the machinery, and whether s/he has had safety problems in the past when operating the same or similar machinery while taking the medication. If a significant risk of substantial harm exists, then an employer must determine if there is a reasonable accommodation that will reduce or eliminate the risk. History of Violence or Threats An employer may refuse to hire someone based on his/her history of violence or threats or violence if it can show that the individual poses a direct threat, based on an individualized assessment. The employer must identify the specific behavior on the part of the individual that would pose the direct threat, including an assessment of the likelihood and imminence of future violence. In most circumstances, an individual who has attempted suicide does not pose a direct threat when s/he seeks to return to work. An employer must base its determination on an individualized assessment of that persons ability to safely perform job functions when s/he returns to work. Attempting suicide does not mean that an individual poses an imminent risk of harm to him/herself when s/he returns to work. The above is a summary of the guidelines only and does not go into great detail. The full guidelines should be studied for applicability to individual situations. Below are some closing remarks on the importance for HR managers to become knowledgeable about the ADA and how it relates to mental impairment and psychiatric disabilities. Returning persons with psychiatric disabilities to gainful employment is a difficult issue since it involves human interactions, which can be very subjective. Most employers want to do the right thing for their employees, or, at the very least, meet their legal obligations. To achieve this goal, HR managers must become knowledgeable of the ADA as it deals with psychiatric disabilities and, in effect, become accommodations coordinators. Employers are often confused or at a loss about how to accommodate a person with a mental impairment. Lack of knowledge, fear, stereotyping, and perhaps the persons own inability to understand how his or her condition may manifest itself are all reasons for this situation. HR managers must obtain all information available to them and must require sufficient employee and professional medical input to make an effective According to the National Institute for Mental Health in Rockville, Maryland, more than 51 million adults live with some sort of diagnosable mental disorder, with depression being the most common disorder (1:3). This statistic will have a great impact on HR managers of today and the future. It is important that HR managers prepare themselves for this so that they can make the best legal and moral decisions for all parties concerned. When Employees with Psychiatric Disabilities Return to Work Practical Tips for Accommodation, HR Managers Legal Reporter, No. 340 (1997). Home, Roberts Owen LLP, Disability Dilemmas, RE: VIEW, June 1997, on-line, available from Winger, Lawrence C., Employee Psychological Injuries and the Employers Duty of Reasonable Accommodation, Kraft Winger, August 1997, on-line, available from Conners, Richard L., New EEOC Guidance on Psychiatric Disabilities, Law at Work, Fall 1997, on-line, available from EEOC Commission, EEOC Compliance Manual, EEOC Notice, Number 915.002, EEOC Enforcement Guidance on the Americans with Disabilities Act and Psychiatric Disabilities, March 25, 1997, on-line, available from [emailprotected]//janweb.icdi.wvu.edu Bibliography:.

A Review of Accelerated Math

A Review of Accelerated Math Accelerated Math is a popular math practice program for grades K-12. The program is designed to provide teachers with a supplemental tool that allows them to create personalized math practice lessons, differentiated instruction, and to track student progress closely. The program was developed by Renaissance Learning Inc., which has several other programs closely related to the Accelerated Math program. Accelerated Math is intended to be a supplemental educational tool. Teachers use their existing textbook for instruction and then build and create practice assignments for students to complete. Students can complete these assignments online or in paper/pencil format. Either option can give students instant feedback and provides teachers with more time for instruction as the program scores student work itself. Accelerated Math is essentially a four-step program. First, the teacher provides instruction on a specific topic. Then the teacher creates Accelerated Math assignments for each student that parallels the instruction. The student then completes the assignment receiving immediate feedback. Finally, the teacher through careful progress monitoring can differentiate each student’s instruction to build on their individual strengths and weaknesses. Key Components Accelerated Math Is Both Internet Based and Paper/Pencil Based Accelerated Math Live allows students to complete assignments online providing students and teachers with immediate feedback.Accelerated Math also provides teachers and students with a paper/pencil option. Students can print the assignments and provide answers on specific scannable paper. The student can then scan the assignment using an AccelScan scanner, Renaissance Responder, NEO 2, or Renaissance Home Connect. The assignment will be instantly scored providing students and teachers with immediate feedback.Being Internet based allows Renaissance Learning to provide automatic updates the program and to store key data on their servers. This is easier for the school’s IT team. Accelerated Math Is Individualized One of the best things about Accelerated Math is that it allows the teacher to dictate how the program is used. This includes the ability to provide students with lessons which align with current instruction as well as lessons intended to remediate gaps a particular student may have. A teacher may also create assignments which challenge students who may be advanced.Accelerated Math allows students to work at an individualized pace. Students who demonstrate mastery quickly can move on to another challenging assignment while those who struggle can be given the time to master the current assignment. Accelerated Math Set Up Is a Mixed Bag Students and teachers can be quickly added to the system either through large batch enrollment or individualized addition.Accelerated Math assignment book set up can be difficult and confusing. Fortunately, there is a quick tip manual for getting started and a help guide you can use along the way. It takes a series of steps before your students can use the program including creating objective lists, choosing the objective list for each class, creating groups, assigning objectives, and generating the first practice assignment. Accelerated Math Provides Flexibility Teachers choose what assignments they want their students to work on allowing them to align the program with their current curriculum and meet individual needs.The program allows teachers to specify the number of questions on each assignment for each student making them short, medium, or large assignments.Accelerated Math provides teachers with more time for whole group and small group instruction as well as one on one instruction by eliminating time-consuming grading. Accelerated Math Assesses Student Understanding Accelerated Math is designed to determine whether or not a student has mastered a specific skill or concept.There are five different types of assignments that teachers can assign to their students. Each type serves a different purpose and includes: Practice – Consists of multiple choice problems that check student understanding of specific learning objectives.Exercise – A type of practice activity used to reinforce and support objectives covered in a daily lesson.Test – A student will be allowed to take a test when they answer enough practice problems correctly.Diagnostic – Useful when you need to identify specific areas in which a student is struggling. Also allows students to take a test on objectives without meeting the practice criteria first.Extended Response – Provides students with challenging problems that promote higher order thinking skills and advanced problem-solving. The program provides students and teachers with immediate feedback directing the teacher to provide intervention when necessary and allowing those students who master a concept to move to another. Accelerated Math Provides Students and Teachers With Resources Every student has access to in program resources designed to assist in student understanding. The resources include a comprehensive math glossary and work examples tied to each individual learning objective for which the student is attempting to complete.Every teacher has access to tons of resources designed aid in the successful implementation of the program on a daily basis. These include guides on how to get started, how to advance your implementation, forms and charts, and much more. Accelerated Math Is Aligned to the Common Core State Standards Accelerated Math has studied and aligned their program to the Common Core State Standards. The math content libraries in the Accelerated Math program were designed to meet the requirements of the Common Core. Accelerated Math Provides Teachers With Tons of Reports Accelerate Math has about two dozen fully customizable reports. These include diagnostic reports, mastery reports, goal history reports, objective lists, parent reports, and several more. Teachers can use the reports to guide their instruction and meet their students’ needs. Accelerated Math Provides Schools With Technical Support Accelerated Math allows you to receive automatic software updates and upgrades.Accelerated Math provides live chat support to answer questions and provide immediate resolution to any issues or problems you have with the program.Accelerated Math provides software and data hosting. Cost Accelerated Math does not publish their overall cost for the program. However, each subscription is sold for a one-time school fee plus an annual subscription cost per student. There are several other factors that will determine the final cost of the programming including the length of the subscription and how many other Renaissance Learning programs your school has. Research To date, there have been ninety-nine research studies including eighty-nine independent studies that support the overall effectiveness of the Accelerated Math program. The consensus of these studies is that Accelerated Math is fully supported by scientifically based research. In addition, these studies concur that the Accelerated Math program is an effective tool for boosting students’ mathematics achievement. Overall Accelerated Math is a solid supplemental mathematics program that teachers can use on a daily basis in their classroom. The combination of online and traditional types can effectively meet each classroom’s individual needs. The alignment to the Common Core State Standards is another welcome progression. The biggest downside of the program is that it takes multiple steps to set up the program. These steps can be confusing but this can be overcome with professional development training and/or the setup guides offered by the program. Overall Accelerated Math gets four out of five stars because the program has evolved into a terrific supplemental program that can be easily implemented into any classroom and support ongoing instruction.

Business Plan for a Fruit Juice Stand Dissertation

Business Plan for a Fruit Juice Stand - Dissertation Example The plan integrates the mission, vision, aim and objectives, including research methods, market analysis, and so on. Primary and secondary researches were conducted. Primary research involved interviews to 50 respondents at Westfield Stratford shopping centre. The respondents were mostly female, aged 20 to 35 years old, who frequently spend their leisure time in the mall. Secondary research on marketing strategy, marketing mix, marketing analysis, marketing programme and the 7Ps, a 2-year forecast of the business and an analysis of future events that might happen during implementation and actual operation of the business were discussed and integrated into this business plan to provide a clear picture of the business. Questions ranged from the respondents’ likeness of the fruit juice and smoothies to their daily intake of soft drinks and packed carbonated drinks. It was astonishing to know that the students and youths have been taking soft drinks and packed carbonated drinks and that fruit juice has not been too popular to them. However, there was a sign of hope when the question mentioned of a possibility of a fruit juice and smoothies contained in beautiful glasses, in which the respondents positively answered that they would prefer fruit juice and smoothies if these are readily available in stores inside the mall. The respondents replied that they wanted to take fruit juice as a substitute of soft drinks as they have heard of its health benefits. They were also asking for the price since the reason why they were taking soft drinks was due to the low price. Convenience was also one of the reasons for their preference of bottled and packed carbonated drinks.

Hookah Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hookah - Assignment Example Thus, it has developed a positive perception on people. The spread of hookah smoking is because of the perception of the society. Most people forget that it has a relation with cigarettes. The society chose to associate it with being greatness. the youths find it fun smoking the drug. However, because of ignorance, the society has accepted it. Other drugs have a negative perception because the side effects are eminent. there is a raised awareness on the effects of being under the influence of cigarettes. In addition, the difference in methods of consuming hookah and cigarettes, makes it difficult for one to establish a direct relationship (Nauert). The structure of consuming hookah tends to make the user think that it is purified. This positive perception contributes to spread of diseases in the society. It will create a health hazard . It will be only after people start suffering severely that the perception on hookah smoking would change. The youth perception is to blame for the increasing use of

The Strength of the Nuclear Family Within the Anglo-Saxon Economy Essay Example for Free

The Strength of the Nuclear Family Within the Anglo-Saxon Economy Essay This article is about England family set up and how this is related to the economy. This is an economy which is market oriented, and capitalistic in nature. England has unusually small families. Her family structure explains how family owned businesses are run in England. Family firms in England are managed by individuals. The writer claims that small families set up in England need civil society more as they need markets and commercial services. Additionally, small families are ideal for capitalistic economies as they are open and market facing. They are associated with high GDP. The writer asserts that economies with small families have GDP per capita of around â‚ ¬5,000 which is higher than that of regions with extended and egalitarian families. Family is one of the topics learnt in sociology. A small family is usually preferred due to economic advantages accompanied with it. It is easy to sustain and provide for. Most developed countries prefer small nuclear families. Usually as a country employs policy aimed at keeping population down through encouraging small family sizes. Small families are positively associated with good economic performance. They also affect business ownership and management. Borrowing from this article, encouraging small families will benefit the society at large. I never knew that the family structures in the society affect performance of the businesses and the economy. I thought it is through management and good governance economy will grow-family sizes plays a big role This article could have discussed the optimal family size and specify how many members should a small family constitute. It could have also discussed the negative effects of small families both in the social relationships and economic performance. There is a lively debate across Europe about what is happening to our families. And there is the endless argument about the relative strengths and weaknesses of the Anglo-Saxon economic model. In my new book I try to show the links between the structure of our families and the structure of our economies. Here is an account of England in the flat language of modern sociology: The majority of ordinary people in England†¦are rampant individuals, highly mobile both geographically and socially, economically rational, market-oriented and acquisitive, ego-centered in kinship and social life. But the quotation is from a description of England in 1250 by Alan Macfarlane, the historian who together with the great French thinker Emmanuel Todd has revealed the significance of family structures. England has had unusually small families, unusually weak local magnates, and unusually free peasants. It is not just different from Papua New Guinea or Pakistan, it is also quite different from France and Italy and most of continental Europe. This difference was recognized by Montesquieu that shrewd 18th-century French observer of human cultures, who observed: I too have been a traveller, and have seen the country in the world which is most worth of our curiosity—I mean England. Just as aerial photography can reveal the outlines of some long-lost medieval village so, if we know how to look, we can discern deep features of English society that endure to this day. So for example, we attribute the long-standing weaknesses in the productivity of the British economy to our lack of a Mittelstand, the strong medium-sized family businesses of the sort they have in Germany or France. We appear to be good at starting small businesses, and some of our big companies are very strong indeed. It is the high performance, solid, long-term, high-investment medium-sized companies in the middle that we seem to lack. It is not that we have fewer family owned firms—about 30% of mid-sized British firms are owned by a family, very similar to France and Germany. But we run them differently. Englands family structure helps to explain this. In France, unlike in England, land or a firm are not the freehold property of the individual; instead, they belong to the familys bloodline with an automatic right of inheritance within the family for all the children. In England, family firms are more likely to be run as the personal property of an individual who often manages the business himself or herself. In France and Germany, family firms are more likely to be held in common by whole family and seen as long-term property of a dynasty across several generations. As a result, they are more willing to bring in professional managers to run the business on behalf of the family. In France, 31% of family owned firms are run by an external manager as against only 23% in the U. K. (It is 60% in Germany. ) Of firms still owned by the founder, 44% in France are externally managed whereas it is only 14% in the U. K. (Again, it is 60% in Germany. ) This has a big effect on economic performance: If an inherited family firm brings in an outside manager it raises returns by six percentage points, a significant improvement in return on capital. There is no single right family structure. But the Anglo-Saxon model has its advantages, too. Small families need civil society more. But it was not just voluntary societies that provided mutual support. You need markets and commercial services as well. Instead of the mutual exchanges of the extended family, small families must buy services. If we need something we turn to yellow pages, not to an uncle. For example, insurance schemes, annuities, and savings help protect you when there is no wider family with any such obligation—one reason why England has a long history in financial services. Small nuclear families are open and market-facing, and that drives a particularly dynamic model of capitalism. Even now, when you control for country-level effects, areas of Europe with Anglosphere-style families have GDP per capita of around â‚ ¬5,000 a year higher than regions with extended and egalitarian families. Indeed, they are higher than all other family forms. Over the past 30 years, they have also outgrown them. These Anglosphere economies are outward-looking and flexible so they are good early adopters of new technologies. But they may not be so good at steady incremental improvements in performance with a given technology. And sometimes, as we have seen with new financial instruments, their sheer restless innovativeness can do catastrophic damage. Nevertheless, their flexibility can sustain them in the long run: It is very possible that in this coming decade, for the first time, more than half of the economic output of the developed world will be in English-speaking countries. We cannot easily change these fundamentals of our national identities. Indeed we specialize in different activities and structure our economies differently because of them. Vive la difference! —David Willetts is Member of Parliament for Havant. His book, The Pinch: How the baby boomers took their childrens future and why they should give it back is published by Atlantic

Different Types of Digital Libraries Essay example -- Computer Technol

Digital libraries are libraries in which collections are stored in a digital format. A digital library has also been known as a virtual or electronic library. In this essay, different types of digital libraries will be compared. This essay will provide an in depth look at the many different digital library programs that have had a profound impact on the field of digital libraries. Archival formats will be explored. Techniques for the conversion of textbased formats into digital formats will be analyzed and compared. This essay will also uncover the pros and cons of a digital library compared to a traditional library. Suggestions for the future of digital libraries will also be considered. In 1945, Vannevar Bush had a vision. In his article, "As We May Think," he describes a technical fix for the information explosion that begun after World War II. Vannevar named this technical fix the Memex. The Memex was descibed as "a device in which an individual stores all his books, records and communications which is mechanized so that it may be consulted with exceeding speed and flexibility" (Bush, 1945). Vannevar was most certainly a visionary. His ideas were well before his time. His idea of the Memex can be considered the basis for digital libraries and maybe even the world wide web. In the 1980s, libraries card catalogs were being replaced by Online Public Access Catalogs (OPACs). These were usually closed systems that could contain little more than bibliographic data. Most OPACs were are done in Machine Readable Cataloging (MARC) format. It generally represents an individually published item or "information product," and describes the physical characteristics of the item itself (Brenner et al, 20... ... Materials. A Case for Full Information Capture. Digital Library Magazine. Digital Library Foundation (1995). America's Heritage: Mission and Goals for a Digital Library Federation. Retrieved April 25, 2007, from http://www.diglib.org/about/dlfcharter.htm American Memory, The Library of Congress. Mission and History. Retrieved April 24, 2007, from http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/about/index.html Morgan, E (2007). Alex Catalogue of Electronic Texts. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.infomotions.com/alex/ Alexandria Digital Library Project (2007). About ADL. Retrieved April 26, 2007, from http://www.alexandria.ucsb.edu/research/about/history.htm CSDL (2007). The Center for the Study of Digital Libraries. Texas A&M. Retrieved April 25, 2007, from http://www.csdl.tamu.edu/csdl/center/center.html

Globalization Of The Market Economy Essay

Much has been said how globalization has internationalize the market economy and how this system was able to integrate and create international partnerships between and among nations. Globalization is not just a phenomenon – it is a system, a new world system that has replaced the Cold War. Globalization has transcended economic and political borders without so much undermining the national sovereignty of any nation. This essay will document how the key players and catalysts accomplished the integration of a very complex world market economy, allowing the creation of the so-called global village. Specifically, this essay will look into the following: ? the creation of international bodies collectively known as The Bretton Woods institutions; ? the largest regional trade organizations: how they come into being, its membership, and how they are being seen sometimes as stumbling blocs, instead of building blocs; ? multi- or transnational corporations; and ? technological revolution (information and communication technology, or ICT, and the Internet). The list above will help us see globalization, an intangible system, as an observable, concrete, and measurable concept. This essay will also attempt to explain the future of globalization so as to prepare other areas that it has not penetrated yet, and at the same time, to allow those who are experiencing it already to take advantage of the strengths and opportunities in the system and be prepared with the threats that come with it. Understanding globalization There are two very interesting books on globalization that can serve as a starting point of this essay – MacGillivray’s A brief history of globalization: The Untold story of our incredible shrinking planet and Friedman’s The Lexus and the olive tree: Understanding globalization. MacGillivray argues that the term â€Å"globalization† has rapidly become one of the most overused words in the field of international relations. Unfortunately, its being overused does not guarantee understanding of the concept. In fact, this is one of the least understood or at least broadly construed concepts in the same field. It clearly covers connections between and among political, economic, cultural, and even environmental issues or concerns. And with the recent advance in information technology, we also know that globalization also concerns itself about technology and even war. MacGillivray described globalization as the interaction and integration between and among people, corporations, and governments across national boundaries. Such web of interaction and integration is motivated by international trade and investment with the help of technology, particularly, information technology (MacGillivray 2006). The importance of technology in the era of globalization was further elaborated and described by Friedman in his book The Lexus and the olive tree: Understanding globalization through this passage: â€Å"In the Cold War, the most frequently asked question was ‘How big is your missile? ’ In globalization, the most frequently asked question is ‘How fast is your modem? ’† As compared to other writers who believe that globalization is a phase of human evolution, or maybe a trend, Friedman believes that it is more of an international system which existence was significantly felt after the Cold War period. He argued that the movement of globalization in this contemporary period is just an extension of the previous period which has marked the end of the First World War (Friedman 1999). Whereas the Cold War has changed the whole world into a bipolar one, globalization has changed this into a global village with shared or integrated resources in terms of capital, technology, political and market sentiments, and information across and, even more interesting, through national borders. Establishing new grounds: The collapse of economic and market frontiers Globalization’s effects are very much visible in some aspects of international relations. In this essay, the effect on economic sovereignty would be the focus. It should be noted though that as far as these effects are concerned, globalization does not destabilize the sovereignty and legitimacy of a nation in any one way or another. With globalization, we could say that the economic borders of any sovereign nation has somewhat been transcended, i. e. , protectionist policies are either challenged if not eliminated completely. The Bretton Woods system: The first attempt to international openness One of the best ways of seeing globalization’s effect to international relations is by looking at international financial institutions having direct or indirect effect to sovereign nations. While they do not exactly dictate what the economic policies of countries should be, these bodies without a doubt influence the making of such policies. In the early 1930s, currency exchange rates, even those of the major economies, are unstable. A number of countries are protectionists and had very restrictive trade policies. A decade after that, Great Britain and the United States, the only two super powers then, proposed the establishment of international financial or monetary institutions that would aim to stabilize exchange rates and, more importantly, improve international trade. In 1944, 44 nations through their representatives convened at the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire. The participants of the conference met to plan the recovery and eventual development of post-war Europe and to discuss the monetary and prevailing economic issues of that period – protectionist trade policies and unstable exchange rates of a number of countries (Bretton Woods Project 2007; Canadian Economy Online 2007). This has given birth to the Bretton Woods Agreement. The agreement aims to create a post-war international monetary system of convertible currencies, fixed and stable exchange rates, and free trade across geographical regions. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (which was later on referred to as the World Bank) were established to facilitate the objectives of the agreement. The resulting bodies from this Bretton Woods convention have definitely affected the economic sovereignty of countries. Taking the case of International Monetary Fund, its main areas of concern are surveillance (advice and appraisal on the policies of its member economies), financial or monetary assistance for members experiencing short- to medium-term economic problems and difficulties, and technical assistance as well as training in monetary and fiscal policies (Ibid). The Bretton Woods agreement prevented currency and exchange rates competition and promoted monetary cooperation among its member economies. Under this system, member nations and economies agreed to have a system of currency exchange rates that could be adjusted or computed within defined parities with the US dollar. This currency exchange rate could also be adjusted to correct a basic disequilibrium in balance of payments as approved by IMF. Advocates of the Bretton Woods system argued that establishment of a stable exchange rate would discourage the â€Å"beggar thy neighbour† policies, which would eventually benefit several, if not all, member economies by the promotion and expansion of international market and trade. The competitiveness of currency exchange rates decreased overtime due to infrequent changes in parities. Some expressed concerns that a fixed currency exchange rate system may prohibit countries enough liberty for them to actually pursue and implement their own monetary and fiscal policies. IMF uses both its surveillance as well as technical assistance work or functions in developing codes and standards of good practice in its areas of responsibility (Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund 2007). The World Bank, which is officially named International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, is actually a development institution. Its mandate is to build a climate of healthy investment, sufficient jobs, and sustainable growth. It also invests in poor people and empowers them to participate in development projects. Its efforts on poverty reduction can be observed in national as well as global levels (Schiff and Winters 2003, 15–16). The World Bank gives emphasis on extending aids to poor and developing nations. But more than just these financial aids or loans, the bank gives advice on policymaking and training to countries needing them. Now, in return for IMF’s and World Bank’s financial support or any other kind of advice, recipients of these financial aids should implement necessary structural adjustment policies that will encourage healthy public spending, especially on social services delivery systems. These policies usually decrease government’s participation in the economy (or market, to be specific). Currently, the World Bank is the largest international lending institution dealing with least developed to developing countries (Ibid, 25–26). The World Trade Organization is probably the most â€Å"intrusive† of the three bodies established by the Bretton Woods convention. The convention created a provision for an International Trade Organization. However, such plan lay dormant until the actual establishment of the World Trade Organization in early 1990s. This original plan did not materialize in the form it was originally conceptualized because of the refusal of the US Congress to endorse it. (The refusal of the US Congress is primarily anchored on the idea that had the International Trade Organization been approved then, this body would have the power of a supranational body that can implement sanctions, penalties, or disciplines to any member economies that the ITO deem violating the principles and agreements reached at the Bretton Woods. ) In lieu of this, an international organization, so to speak, in the form of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade or GATT was created. As an international body, it has the primary responsibility of reducing trade barriers through multilateral and multinational negotiations. ITO, however, does not have the power to effect any policies, i. e. , its agreements are non-binding (Timeline: World Trade Organization – A chronology of key events 2007). The World Trade Organization came into existence on 1995. It replaced GATT as an international body overseeing the multilateral trading system. One hundred and twenty-eight (128) countries had signed GATT by 1994. And as of the year 2007, there are 151 full-fledged members and 30 economies/countries having observer status. Every member country of the WTO has the right to challenge or simply question other countries’ local, state, or federal laws granted that such laws may impede efficient and effective international trade. In such cases, if the WTO judges the law to contain violations of WTO ideals, it [WTO] may order the government to overturn or modify the law or else, the country can experience or suffer from trade sanctions. This is exactly why the US Congress did not approve the ratification of the treaty for the creation or establishment of the WTO (Ibid). These three international bodies have clearly penetrated the economic barriers, even political to some extent, of any of its member economies. For this purpose, however, it is clear that these effects are for the benefit of the member economy. While it is clear that these Bretton Woods bodies do not directly dictate economic policies, it has the power to influence its members to act towards its direction. Again, this is not to emphasize that economic sovereignty is being taken away from the country itself, but clearly, the economic barriers have been breached. Regional trade associations or blocs Regional trade associations are â€Å"offshoots†, so to speak, of the globalization phenomenon where inter-nation or inter-state agreement is established. These associations are actually the ones that manage, promote, and direct all the trade activities of the concerned group of countries or regions of the world (UC Atlas of Global Inequality, 2007). This is a case where instead of an institution penetrating the borders of a country, the sovereign country itself initiates the â€Å"surrender† of their economic, or more particularly, trading, policies. Regional trade associations, in general terms, are groupings of economies or nations at a governmental level that aims to promote, manage, and encourage trade within and among their own region and defend its member countries or member economies against a larger global competition. Protection against this larger global competition is done by most countries by establishing tariffs on commodities produced by its members economies, import quotas, onerous bureaucratic import processes, government subsidies, and technical and other non-tariff barriers. Trade is not an isolated activity and other areas of relations between countries or economies involved are also affected: political, security, and other issues affecting the region (Ibid). A good example of a regional trade bloc affecting other aspects of inter-national relations is the case of the European Union or EU. This group is the world’s largest trade association, and by far, the most effective in terms of certain aspects. EU has harbored not just economic but also political ambitions extending way beyond the free trading arrangements entered into by the participating economies (Gibb and Michalak, 1994, 75). The ideological foundations of EU were actually focused on ensuring development and maintaining international or even inter-regional stability, specifically, encapsulating communist or socialist expansion in the post-WWII Europe. EU’s plan actually involves possible joint policies on military security and citizenship. Some researchers believe that trade associations complement globalized trade. There are those, on the other hand, who believe that regionalism is a threat to free trade due to its protectionist nature having conservative policies being implemented by these blocs that shield the member- countries from outside competition of global trade. Such debates contain sharp disagreements. In the same work by Gibb and Michalak (1994, 1), they noted, â€Å"the multilateral trading system is in decline and regionalism is on the ascendancy. † They emphasized that regional trade blocs are an alternative form of trade that â€Å"attempts to counter more aggressive policies of trade, especially as espoused by the WTO. †

The Theory Of Sexual Liberation - 1644 Words

Contemporary British society claims to be sexually liberated, in that there is more open attitudes to diverse sexualities and certain sexual acts are no longer seen as taboo/perverse. It is seen that we are now free to choose and explore these sexualities. However monogamous heterosexual relationships are still seen as what is â€Å"normal† in society therefore if British society claims to be sexually liberated why is what is seen as traditional still the most common type of relationship? This theory of sexual liberation is favoured by Giddens (1992) who sees that in sexually liberated Britain relationships now exist solely on whatever rewards that said relationship has to offer. Commitment in these relationships is negotiated which has†¦show more content†¦Hence Giddens (1992) sees this process of sexual liberation as a move from sexual perversion to sexual pluralism. This has resulted in â€Å"plastic sexuality†. (p2) Consequently Giddens perceives a move from the romantic love of the 19th-20th century to â€Å"Confluent love† (p2) which is active and presumes equality. This is reflected in statistics as in 2012 it is estimated that 42% of marriages ended in divorce. (ONS 2013) This suggests a move to a more liberated society as divorce previously had stigma attached to it whereas now it is seen as a common practice. Similarly Beck and Beck-Gernsheim (1995) comprehend that this sexual liberation has brought an emergence of young people seekin g relationships based on emotional commitment rather than traditional relationships based on aspects such as practicality. Therefore it can be seen that sexual behaviour in British society is now based on personal choice rather than being socially prescribed. (Weeks 1995) This liberation can be seen in college students and the trend of constructing collegiate sexuality which is exempt from the rules of adult sexual behaviour. Wilkins and Dalessandro (2013) examined this trend of â€Å"monogamy lite.† Though it was seen that after graduating students were expected to fall into monogamous heterosexual relationships. As a result it can be argued that this sexual liberation is only available for certain periods of the life course and perhaps only for those